In addition to the obvious reasons for all people to do implantation – aesthetics, visual appeal, which gives confidence and helps both in personal life and in work, there are also very important medical consequences of the teeth absence, about which few patients know:

Dental implantation, or rather prosthetics on implants, is performed in the complete absence of a tooth and root. In the case of the presence of the root part of a tooth without a crown part (for example, as a result of a tooth fracture), it is not always necessary to install an implant, since the crown can be installed based on the preserved roots.

Contraindications are divided into absolute (in which implantation is usually not performed) and relative, in which complications are possible during implantation, and it is carried out at the discretion of the physician.

Absolute contraindications include:

• general contraindications for surgery, anesthesia intolerance;
• mental disorders;
• serious diseases preventing implantation: blood diseases, immunopathological conditions, malignant neoplasms, tuberculosis, decompensated diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, etc.;
• systemic diseases of the connective tissue (because after implantation, the engraftment process takes place), osteoporosis.

There are also temporary reasons to postpone implantation: pregnancy, acute diseases.

The most common methods of implantation:

• Classical implantation – when the implant is installed after a certain time (up to 3 months) after the tooth extraction;
• Simultaneous implantation is the installation of the implant immediately after the tooth extraction.

Types of implants:

1. Premium class – such brands as AstraTech, NobelBiocare, Straumann can be attributed to them.
2. Middle class – they are many more, for example, Dentium, Mis, Ankylos, Xive, Bicon (usually these are manufacturers from Europe, Israel and South Korea)
3. Economy class – Russian, Israeli and others: now, there are many new manufacturers, including those that open offices in Europe and pretend to be famous western brands.

In our work, we essentially do not use economy class implants, since their survival is unpredictable and there is no guarantee of their long service.

Diagnostics, planning, preparation

• The implant surgeon conducts a detailed consultation, learns about the presence of chronic diseases.
• In addition to consulting a surgeon-implantologist, the consultation of an orthopedist is obligatory.
• The patient does computed tomography (CT) of the jaw.
• The orthopedist and the surgeon implantologist drawn up a treatment plan.
• In case of insufficiency of the bone tissue volume, an operation is performed to increase the bone tissue: sinus lift procedure or other types of bone grafting.
• After bone grafting, it is necessary to wait 2-3 months before the implantation procedure. At this time, it is possible to install a temporary crown.

Surgical stage

1. Directly implant installation is the so-called first surgical stage: the doctor installs the screw in the place where the tooth is absence.
2. The process of osseointegration (implant engraftment) occurs 2-3 months (in case of installation on the upper jaw, the period may be longer).
3. At the moment determined by the surgeon, instead of the screw-plug, the healing cap, which forms the correct gingival shape, is installed.

Orthopedic stage

This stage in the classical understanding of implantation does not apply to the installation of an implant (and is not included in the cost of implantation), but is a logical continuation of the implant installation, and, in fact, the main purpose of implantation is the restoration of the dental curve.

• The healing cap unscrews from the implant and a standard or individual (manufactured specifically for the patient) abutment is installed in its place. Abutment is the base on which the prosthesis will be installed.
• The patient selected prosthesis is made individually and installed on the abutment: it can be metal-ceramic and metal-free crowns,

All manipulations that may cause discomfort are performed under local anesthesia, therefore, the treatment process is completely painless and invisible to the patient.

• Diagnostics, planning, preparation – from several days to 3 months (if necessary, increasing the volume of bone tissue).
• Surgical stage – from several days (with simultaneous implantation) to 3 months.
• Orthopedic stage (prosthetics on an installed implant) – 2-3 weeks.

Thus, the entire implantation process can take from several days (with the temporary crown installation) to 6-7 months. At the same time, in the absence of appropriate conditions, it is strongly recommended not to speed up the process.